The manifestation of the mystery

31 May 400BC2 min read

Chapter 14

We look at it, and we do not see it, and we name it 'the Equable.' We listen to it, and we do not hear it, and we name it 'the Inaudible.' We try to grasp it, and do not get hold of it, and we name it 'the Subtle.' With these three qualities, it cannot be made the subject of description; and hence we blend them together and obtain The One. Its upper part is not bright, and its lower part is not obscure. Ceaseless in its action, it yet cannot be named, and then it again returns and becomes nothing. This is called the Form of the Formless, and the Semblance of the Invisible; this is called the Fleeting and Indeterminable. We meet it and do not see its Front; we follow it, and do not see its Back. When we can lay hold of the Dao of old to direct the things of the present day, and are able to know it as it was of old in the beginning, this is called (unwinding) the clue of Dao.

第十四章

视而不见,名曰夷①;听之不闻,名曰希②;搏之不得,名曰微③。此三者不可致诘④,故混而为一⑤。其上不徼⑥,其下不昧⑦,绳绳兮⑧不可名,复归于无物⑨。是谓无状之状,无物之象,是谓惚恍⑩。迎之不见其首,随之不见其后。执古之道,以御今之有⑾。能知古始,是谓道纪⑿。

译文

看它看不见,把它叫做“夷”;听它听不到,把它叫做“希”;摸它摸不到,把它叫做“微”。这三者的形状无从追究,它们原本就浑然而为一。它的上面既不显得光明亮堂;它的下面也不显得阴暗晦涩,无头无绪、延绵不绝却又不可称名,一切运动都又回复到无形无象的状态。这就是没有形状的形状,不见物体的形象,这就是“惚恍”。迎着它,看不见它的前头,跟着它,也看不见它的后头。把握着早已存在的“道”,来驾驭现实存在的具体事物。能认识、了解宇宙的初始,这就叫做认识“道”的规律。

注释

①夷:无色。

②希:无声。

③微:无形。以上夷、希、微三个名词都是用来形容人的感官无法把握住"道"。这三个名词都是幽而不显的意思。

④致诘:诘,音ji(阳平),意为追问、究问、反问。致诘意为思议。

⑤一:本章的一指"道"。

⑥徼:音jiao(上声)。清白、清晰、光明之意。

⑦昧:阴暗。

⑧绳绳:不清楚、纷芸不绝。

⑨无物:无形状的物,即"道"。

⑩惚恍:若有若无,闪烁不定。

⑾有:指具体事物。

⑿古始:宇宙的原始,或"道"的初始。

⒀道纪:"道"的纲纪,即"道"的规律。