Possibilities through the Dao

30 May 400BC2 min read

Chapter 10

When the intelligent and animal souls are held together in one embrace, they can be kept from separating. When one gives undivided attention to the (vital) breath, and brings it to the utmost degree of pliancy, he can become as a (tender) babe. When he has cleansed away the most mysterious sights (of his imagination), he can become without a flaw. In loving the people and ruling the state, cannot he proceed without any (purpose of) action? In the opening and shutting of his gates of heaven, cannot he do so as a female bird? While his intelligence reaches in every direction, cannot he (appear to) be without knowledge? (The Dao) produces (all things) and nourishes them; it produces them and does not claim them as its own; it does all, and yet does not boast of it; it presides over all, and yet does not control them. This is what is called 'The mysterious Quality' (of the Dao).

第十章

载营魄抱一①,能无离乎?专气致柔②,能如婴儿乎③?涤除玄鉴④,能无疵乎?爱民治国,能无为乎⑤?天门开阖⑥,能为雌乎⑦?明白四达,能无知乎⑧?生之畜之⑨,生而不有,为而不恃,长而不宰,是谓玄德⑩。

译文

精神和形体合一,能不分离吗?聚结精气以致柔和温顺,能像婴儿的无欲状态吗?清除杂念而深入观察心 灵,能没有瑕疵吗?爱民治国能遵行自然无为的规律吗?感官与外界的对立变化相接触,能宁静吧?明白四达,能不用心机吗?让万事万物生长繁殖,产生万物、养育万物而不占为己有,作万物之长而不主宰他们,这就叫做“玄德”。

注释

①载营魄抱一:载,用作助语句,相当于夫;营魄,即魂魄;抱一,即合一。一,指道,抱一意为魂魄合而为一,二者合一即合于道。又解释为身体与精神合一。

②专气:专,结聚之意。专气即集气。

③能如婴儿乎:能像婴儿一样吗?

④涤除玄鉴:涤,扫除、清除。玄,奥妙深邃。鉴,镜子。玄鉴即指人心灵深处明澈如镜、深邃灵妙。

⑤爱民治国能无为乎:即无为而治。

⑥天门开阖:天门,有多种解释。一说指耳目口鼻等人的感官;一说指兴衰治乱之根源;一说是指自然之理;一说是指人的心神出入即意念和感官的配合等。此处依"感官说"。开阖,即动静、变化和运动。

⑦能为雌:雌,即宁静的意思。

⑧知:通智,指心智、心机。

⑨畜:养育、繁殖。

⑩玄德:玄秘而深邃的德性。